HISTORY & CHALLENGES
OF NUCLEAR POWER
1905 – Einstein: e = mc2 – Special theory of relativity, the relationship between mass and energy.
1942 – Manhattan project, Enrico Fermi, Columbia University.
1945 – Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1953 – Pres. Eisenhower: “Atoms for Peace” to U.N.
To use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and to benefit all of humanity.
Proposed an “international atomic energy agency” - now known as the IAEA
Experts could be mobilized to provide abundant electrical energy in the power-starved areas of the world
1969 – Oyster Creek, New Jersey, first nuclear power plant in the U.S.
1991 – Palisades nuclear power plant opens, South Haven, Michigan

Dangers of Nuclear Waste
Storage sites across the nation
Proximity of citizens to nuclear waste
Erosion of containers, leaching into groundwater
Malicious intervention, for making dirty bombs
Permanent loss of site utilization
The ongoing cost of guarding and maintaining the site
Possible geologic disruption
Special Problems for Nuclear Waste Disposal
Public opinion
Unfocused anxiety and fear
Misinformation and antinuclear sentiment
Environmental concerns
Legal considerations
US laws and regulations - EPA, NRC, etc.
International laws and treaties - London Protocol